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　　Albrecht Dürer‘s drawing contrasts a well-turned out bourgeoisie from Nuremberg (left) with her counterpart from Venice, in. The Venetian lady‘s high chopines make her taller.The European idea of fashion as a personal statement rather than a cultural expression begins in the 16th century: ten portraits of German or Italian gentlemen may show ten entirely different hats.

　　But the local culture still set the bounds, as Albrecht Dürer recorded in his actual or composite contrast of Nuremberg and Venetian fashions at the close of the 15th century (illustration, right). Fashions among upper-class Europeans began to move in synchronicity in the 18th century; though colors and patterns of textiles changed from year to year, (Thornton), the cut of a gentleman‘s coat and the length of his waistcoat, or the pattern to which a lady‘s dress was cut changed more slowly. Men‘s fashions derived from military models, and changes in a European male silhouette are galvanized in theatres of European war, where gentleman officers had opportunities to make notes of foreign styles: an example is the "Steinkirk" cravat (a necktie) (see Cravat). The pace of change picked up in the 1780s with the publication of French engravings that showed the latest Paris styles. By 1800, all Western Europeans were dressing alike: local variation became first a sign of provincial culture, and then a badge of the conservative peasant (James Laver; Fernand Braudel). Fashion in clothes has allowed wearers to express emotion or solidarity with other people for millennia. Modern Westerners have a wide choice available in the selection of their clothes. What a person chooses to wear can reflect that person‘s personality or likes. When people who have cultural status start to wear new or different clothes a fashion trend may start. People who like or respect them may start to wear clothes of a similar style.

　　Fashions may vary significantly within a society according to age, social class, generation, occupation and geography as well as over time. If, for example, an older person dresses according to the fashion of young people, he or she may look ridiculous in the eyes of both young and older people. The term "fashion victim" refers to someone who slavishly follows the current fashions (implementations of fashion). One can regard the system of sporting various fashions as a fashion language incorporating various fashion statements using a grammar of fashion.

標(biāo)簽：時(shí)尚潮流

熱門(mén)成語(yǔ)

• 出手得盧  盧：古時(shí)樗蒲戲一擲五子皆黑，為最勝采。比喻一下子就取得勝利。
• 奉行故事  奉行：遵照辦理；故事：老規(guī)矩、老章程。按照老規(guī)矩辦事。
• 孑然一身  孤孤單單一個(gè)人。
• 屢戰(zhàn)屢敗  屢：多次。多次打仗多次失敗。
• 論高寡合  言論高超，投合者少。
• 情投意忺  雙方感情和心意都很投合。
• 松柏之志  指堅(jiān)貞不移的志節(jié)。
• 有一無(wú)二  指事物獨(dú)特，極難得。
• 一現(xiàn)曇華  比喻事物或人物一出現(xiàn)就很快消失。華，同“花”。
• 岳岳磊磊  卓立不群。
• 柳眉星眼  形容女子細(xì)長(zhǎng)的眉和明亮的眼。
• 儀態(tài)萬(wàn)千  儀態(tài)：姿態(tài)，容貌。形容容貌、姿態(tài)各方面都很美。
• 卑陋齷齪  齷齪：骯臟。形容品質(zhì)惡劣。亦作“卑鄙齷齪”。
• 官場(chǎng)如戲  官場(chǎng)：舊時(shí)指官吏們經(jīng)常出入的地方。戲：戲劇，指隨時(shí)都在變化。舊時(shí)指官場(chǎng)像演戲一樣變化無(wú)常。